hemorrhage

出血的目的是为了保证模切准确，普通纸张一般为3mm，瓦楞一般为5-7mm。由于设计和拼版的失误,出血可以少点,但必须保证1.5mm以上。

The purpose of bleeding is to ensure the accuracy of die cutting. Ordinary paper is generally 3mm and corrugated is generally 5-7mm. Due to the mistakes of design and composition, the bleeding can be reduced, but it must be more than 1.5mm.

烫金烫银小尺寸

Minimum size of gold and silver stamping

一般是保证在0.3mm，技术好的可以到0.1-0.2之间。

It is generally guaranteed to be 0.3mm, and it can be between 0.1-0.2 if the technology is good.

大度纸、正度纸、特规纸

Large size paper, positive size paper, special size paper

大度纸是指尺寸为1194*889的纸张，正度为1092*787，特规纸张是指特殊规格的纸张，一般纸厂都将纸切割成大度正度，或者根据客户的需要切成特殊规格的纸张。

Large paper refers to the paper with the size of 1194 * 889 and the positive degree of 1092 * 787. Special paper refers to the paper with special specifications. Generally, paper mills cut the paper into large positive degrees, or cut the paper with special specifications according to the needs of customers.

此外，印刷厂光边后的大度一般为1190*880,正度为1090*780.如果设计失误或者要求版面特殊必须事先和厂里打招呼,否则就按说的尺寸开了。

In addition, the magnanimity after the smooth edge of the printing factory is generally 1190 * 880 and the positive degree is 1090 * 780. If the design is wrong or the layout is required to be special, you must say hello to the factory in advance, otherwise it will be opened according to the said size.

胶印用多少线：

How many lines are used for offset printing:

一般175线。也有低150线或高250线的。

Generally 175 lines. There are also as low as 150 lines or as high as 250 lines.

专色、四色：

Spot color, four colors:

专色是指特定的颜色，专色在印刷时，不是通过印刷C、M、Y、K四色合成的这种颜色，而是专门用一种特定的油墨来印刷的颜色。专色油墨是由印刷厂预先混合好或油墨厂生产的。对于印刷品的每一种专色，在印刷时都有专门的一个色版对应。使用专色可使颜色更准确。如：专金，专银，等等。

Spot color refers to a specific color. During printing, spot color is not the color synthesized by printing C, m, y and K, but the color printed with a specific ink. Spot color inks are premixed by a printing factory or produced by an ink factory. For each spot color of printed matter, there is a special color plate corresponding to it during printing. Use spot color to make the color more accurate. Such as: special gold, special silver, etc.

四色是指CMYK模式印刷颜色。

Four colors refer to the printing color of CMYK mode.

用于印刷的分辨率：

Resolution for printing:

一般为300DPI。当然越高越清晰。

Generally 300dpi. Of course, the higher, the clearer.

柔印：

Flexo printing:

目前我国柔印产品处于很低的层次，印刷品质量以低、粗、简为主，精细的多色套印不怎么过关；同时，应用范围较小，主要印刷文字线条和实地，网点活印得不是很多。

At present, China's flexographic products are at a very low level. The quality of printed products is mainly low, coarse and simple, and the fine multi-color overprint is not very good; At the same time, the scope of application is small, mainly printing text lines and field, and the dot live printing is not very much.

KFC里装鸡翅的小纸袋就是柔性印刷，柔印一般都是用水性油墨，无味。制约柔印在的应用和发展，除了设备和技术上的问题外，另一个主要的原因在于设计人员不了解柔印技术的特点，导致设计和印刷之间缺乏沟通，不能充分发挥柔印的优势。

The small paper bag containing chicken wings in KFC is flexible printing. Flexo printing is generally water-based ink, tasteless. In addition to the problems in equipment and technology, another main reason restricting the application and development of flexographic printing in China is that designers do not understand the characteristics of flexographic printing technology, resulting in a lack of communication between design and printing, and can not give full play to the advantages of flexographic printing.

柔印印品在设计时，应当避免如下方面：

Flexographic printing shall be designed to avoid the following aspects:

避免设计太小的文字及太细的线条；

Avoid designing too small text and too thin lines;

避免两色或多色的线条及文字套印；

Avoid two-color or multi-color lines and text overprint;

避免设计细小的反白文字及线条；

Avoid designing small anti white words and lines;

避免图片高光断网或1%的小网点；

Avoid high light screen breaking or 1% small dots in the picture;

避免在photoshop等位图软件中设计文字或线条；

Avoid designing text or lines in bitmap software such as Photoshop;

避免沿印刷滚筒水平方向设计宽而长的实地和渐变；

Avoid designing wide and long fields and gradients along the horizontal direction of the printing drum;

除非特殊要求，避免将大面积实地与网点及细小文字做在同一版面上，避免操作软件的不统一。

Unless otherwise required, avoid making a large area of the field on the same page as the dot and small text, and avoid the inconsistency of the operating software.

补漏白：

Trap:

即做套印补边，胶印一般都是0.04-0.07mm之间，柔印看机器，一般都比较大。

That is to do overprint and edge repair. Offset printing is generally between 0.04-0.07mm. According to the flexo printing machine, it is generally large.

9黑色是否全部压印其他颜色

9 are all black stamped with other colors

不一定，具体看黑色的面积，一般文字都是直接叠印的，遇到面积大的就一样做补漏白。

Not necessarily. Depending on the area of black, generally the text is directly overprinted. In case of a large area, it is the same as trapping.

10遇到大面积的黑色怎么做

10 what to do when you encounter a large area of black

大面积的黑色下面垫一个30-40蓝之间的颜色，或者相近的30-40的深色也可以，因为理论上讲黑色压任何颜色等于黑色。目的是防止印刷不够黑和出现小白点。

Under a large area of black, it is best to pad a color between 30-40 blue, or a similar dark color of 30-40, because in theory, black is equal to black. The purpose is to prevent insufficient black printing and small white spots.

11什么是菲林？

What is film?

这里以黑白菲林为例。菲林的英文名称是film，是薄膜或胶卷的意思。和拍照用的胶卷差不多。

Take black-and-white film as an example. The English name of film is film, which means film or film. It's similar to the film used for photography.

是用作纪录影像的重要媒介，将图文分色制作好，再由出片机将你分好的颜色一色一色的传递到一张张胶卷上，每一个胶卷上的颜色是单一的，比如有CMY三个颜色就需要出三张单色菲林片。

It is used as an important medium for recording images. The color separation of pictures and texts is made, and then the output machine transmits your divided colors to films one by one. The color on each film is single. For example, if there are three colors of CMY, three monochrome films need to be produced.

条码

bar code

有EAN（13位，后一位为自动生成）和UPC（12位）两种类型。

There are ean (13 bits, and the last bit is automatically generated) and UPC (12 bits).

有专门的敲条码软件。条码放大系数在80%-200%之间。条码左右的空白区EAN左3.63mm右2.31mm，空白区只能大不能小，UPC左右一样，为大于2.97mm。

There is a special bar code tapping software. The bar code magnification factor is between 80% - 200%. The blank area on the left and right of the barcode is 3.63mm on the left and 2.31mm on the right. The blank area can only be large but not small. It is the same as that on the left and right of UPC, which is greater than 2.97mm.

图片在颜色搭配上应该反差大，尽量用白底黑条，金银卡纸下应垫一白色。如果要将条码缩短，少保留原比例的三分之二以上。字体非强制性为。所放的位置视情况而定，所放区域离压痕线不要小于8mm。

The picture should have a large contrast in color matching. Try to use black bars on a white background, and a white pad should be placed under the gold and silver cardboard. If you want to shorten the bar code, keep at least two-thirds of the original proportion. The font is not mandatory and is recommended. The position depends on the situation, and the distance between the placed area and the indentation line should not be less than 8mm.

印刷效果及后道加工效果

Printing effect and subsequent processing effect

这里介绍常见的几种效果：

Here are some common effects:

A. 磨砂：处理成一种凹凸不平的一种砂岩颗粒的感觉。

A. Frosting: it is treated into an uneven feeling of sandstone particles.

B. 烫：烫的东西很多，大家平时很容易见着，如有烫金，烫银，烫镭射等等。

B. Ironing: there are many ironing things that are easy to see, such as bronzing, silver ironing, laser ironing and so on.

图片C. 上光：是为了防止图文磨损及让产品更为漂亮并有一定的防水功能的一种后加工，有普通光油，UV光油令产品有一种鲜丽年轻的效果，UV哑油令产品雍容华贵的效果。UV可与覆膜配合可达到非凡效果。

Picture C. glazing: it is a kind of post-processing to prevent the abrasion of pictures and texts and make the products more beautiful and have a certain waterproof function. There are ordinary varnish, UV varnish makes the products have a fresh and young effect, and UV dumb oil makes the products elegant. UV can cooperate with film covering to achieve extraordinary results.

D. 凹凸：给简单的图文一种立体的效果，有普通与立体之区分，立体效果更为漂亮。

D. Concavo convex: it gives a three-dimensional effect to simple graphics and texts. There is a distinction between ordinary and three-dimensional, and the three-dimensional effect is more beautiful.

图片E：覆膜：在产品表面上覆上薄薄的膜以达到保护图文防水优美的效果。有光膜和哑膜。

Picture e: film coating: apply a thin film on the product surface to protect the waterproof and beautiful effect of graphics and text. There are light film and dumb film.

其他

other

在设计的时候,不光要考虑出血,还要考虑机器纵向的咬口,下单的时候还要注意纸张的丝绺。

When designing, we should not only consider bleeding, but also consider the longitudinal bite of the machine, and pay attention to the grain of paper when placing an order.

当有一个颜色几乎为满版时，那么请将模切掉的部分尽量填为这个颜色，以防止鬼影。

When a color is almost full, please fill the die-cut part with this color as far as possible to prevent ghosts.

在纸张容许的情况下请为每一个颜色做一条不小于4mm的色带。

If the paper allows, please make a color band of not less than 4mm for each color.

给每个颜色加一个色标，特写是专色，这样的目的是为了让其他人看清楚。

Add a color code to each color, and the close-up is a spot color, so that others can see it clearly.

另外要注意的一点虽然比较简单但却非常重要且常有人犯这样的错误：白色图文不要叠印，文字要记得转曲线。

In addition, it should be noted that although it is relatively simple, it is very important, and people often make such mistakes: do not overprint white pictures and texts, and remember to turn the curve.

关于印刷包装的基础知识及印刷注意事项今天就分享到这里，希望对我们的日常工作能有一些帮助。如果你在日常生产中遇到什么问题，也欢迎留言区告诉我们，大家一起交流。

The basic knowledge of printing and packaging and printing precautions are shared here today. I hope it can be helpful to our daily work. If you encounter any problems in daily production, you are also welcome to tell us in the message area and communicate with us.

关键词：印刷包装、印刷工艺、印刷家

Key words: printing packaging, printing technology, printer

印刷家，印企服务好管家

Printer, printing enterprise, good service, housekeeper

印刷家，为印企提供供应链采购、线上金融授信、色彩管理标准化、专色调配、印机维护、干冰清洗、管理咨询、线上培训、创新发展训练营等服务。

Printers provide professional services for printing enterprises, such as supply chain procurement, online financial credit, color management standardization, spot color allocation, printer maintenance, dry ice cleaning, management consulting, online training, innovation and development training camp and so on.